Richard Wright s Letter From A Birmingham Jail - 1120 Words

It is clearly apparent in society that segregation causes unneeded violence and hatred that can be stopped once everyone learns to respect and notice their differences. Although, this transformation does not seem to be as easy as it sounds. In this case, fear impacts equality and when fear prevents equality, people s’ opinions are not able to be heard, leading to discrimination and injustice. The fear of differing ideas and opinions makes it hard to reach independence and freedom because a negative mindset is preventing the transformation. Throughout history and into today, the largest injustice in our society deals with racial prejudice, and the fear of emerging cultures often leads to superiority with the majority of the population and inferiority with the minority. Throughout reading Native Son by Richard Wright, â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† by Martin Luther King Jr., â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity† by John Winthrop, looking at the historical and biographical facts from my research on Richard Wright, and noticing my classmate’s and my own thoughts, I have recognized many concepts used that reflect the authors’ work that explain their contrasting perspectives on life. Two main concepts that I saw repeating throughout this semester in our readings were fear and equality and how the two conflict. As we read Native Son, Bigger’s resulting attitude toward the whites is a combination of anger and powerful fear. He fears the whites as an overpowering force that he cannotShow MoreRelatedThe Rights And Civil Liberties2009 Words   |  9 Pagesentitled, I Hear America Singing, on America s workforce striving for the best outcome in life. The poem - which had been published in 1860 - serves as a perfect example towards freedom of speech in a positive light as an American citizen. It consists of American citizens simply having the freedom to say - or in this case, metaphorically sing - whatever they want regarding their job while no one is judging them. These individuals in the poem vary from women, to men and people of different workingRead MoreAfrican Americans from 18652319 Words   |  10 PagesAfrican Americans from 1865 Sandelle Studway HIS204 Joseph Scahill 01/22/13 African Americans from 1865 African Americans have fought a great battle to become a part of society in America. Since being taken from African as slaves in the 1600’s there has been a continuous battle for equality since. Since the end of slavery Black Americans have had many accomplishments along with hardships. In this paper I will discuss some of the Major events in African American history beginning with the endRead MoreLiterature Has The Power Of Literature3178 Words   |  13 Pagesthe power to change lives, minds, and hearts, and more than that, it has the power to free, and it has since the colonial era to present time. Since slavery began in the early colonies, slaves were mistreated. They were whipped, they were separated from land and family, treated as property, and perhaps the worst treatment of all: they were not allowed to have schooling. In that time, it was considered unlawful, as well as unsafe, to teach a slave to read (Douglass ). In the words of Frederick Douglass’s

Blackberry Strategy Free Essays

string(105) " product compared to its biggest rival: Apple, which specializes in consumer friendly multimedia device\." BlackBerry’s strategy to gain market share in the mainstream market and The use of promotions to achieve its goals Team JMARCS Bozak, Dasgupta, Feng, Kumar, Sharma, Tu SET: 1G  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   MKTG-1102  Ã‚  Ã‚   Instructor: Don Linder  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   October, 22, 09 Introduction: Research In Motion (RIM) is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of innovative wireless solutions for the worldwide mobile communications market. (Reseach In Motion) RIM was founded in 1984. RIM now has offices in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. We will write a custom essay sample on Blackberry Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now BlackBerry is a line of wireless handheld devices that was introduced in 1999 as a two-way pager. In 2002, BlackBerry was released, which supports push e-mail, mobile telephone, text messaging, internet faxing, web browsing and other wireless information services. It delivers information over the wireless data networks of mobile phone service companies. BlackBerry holds the world’s second highest market share in the smart phone platform, capturing 21% of worldwide smart phone sales in Q2, 2009. On 30 May 2009, RIM announced the number of BlackBerry subscribers has reached approximately 28. 5 million. (Wikipedia) BlackBerry’s competitor Apple introduced the iPhone in 2007 which was named the Invention of the Year by Time Magazine. Apple iPhone is growing at a very impressive rate and with introduction of iPhone 3GS, Apple looks all set to overtake RIM by mid of 2010 and become number two player in smart phone market. Analysts were saying that RIM is unlikely to maintain its over 50% share in North America due to growing competition from Apple, Motorola, and Palm, among others. (Wikipedia) Problem: How does RIM gain market share in the consumer smart phone market? Key Findings: Consumer behaviour Two types of users for smart phone customers: ? Enterprise customers- BlackBerry was a â€Å"company decision†. ? Non-Enterprise customers- BlackBerry was a â€Å"personal decision†. †¢ According to Canalys Research, touchscreens became the preferred interface, representing 40% of all shipments. Upon recognizing Apple’s success with the iPhone touch screen interface, R IM introduced its own touch screen device called BlackBerry Storm in end of 2008. (Canalys Research) †¢ According to Canalys Research, Smart phones have been opposing the industry norm, with shipments growing despite the global recession. Canalys Research) Company information †¢ An aggressive â€Å"buy-one-get-one† promotion by Verizon Wireless helped RIM’s BlackBerry Curve move past Apple’s iPhone to become the best-selling consumer smartphone in the U. S. in the first quarter (Q1) of 2009. (NPD Group) †¢ iPhone is exclusive to major carriers such as AT (in US), Rogers and Fido (in Canada) and O2, T-Mobile, Vodaphone (in Europe) and many smaller carriers around the world. †¢ Verizon and Vodafone are heavy promoters of BlackBerry. †¢ Palm exclusive to Sprint until 2010. †¢ RIM has successfully expanded its product portfolio to include a wide election of devices and interfaces that appeal to a range of customers at different price po ints. Market Share †¢ The battle between iPhone and BlackBerry is over the Non-Enterprise market, as the users of smartphones are increasing in this segment. †¢ RIM’s consumer smartphone market share increased 15 percent to nearly 50 percent of the smartphone market in US in Q1 2009 versus the prior quarter, as Apple’s and Palm’s share both declined 10 percent each. (NPD Group) †¢ According to NPD’s â€Å"Smartphone Market Update† report, U. S. consumer sales of smartphone handsets in first-quarter, 2009, ranked in the following order: 1. RIM BlackBerry Curve (all 83XX models); 2. Apple iPhone 3G (all models); 3. RIM BlackBerry Storm; 4. RIM BlackBerry Pearl (all models, except flip); 5. T-Mobile G1. (NPD Group) †¢ According to Gartner’s research, the smartphone sales grew 27 percent during the period. In smartphones Nokia came in top but their market share dropped from 47. 4 percent in Q2 2008 to 45 percent in Q2 2009. RIM saw 1. 4 percent jump in market share, which brought their number to 18. 7 percent. Apple saw the biggest jump from 2. 8 percent in 2008 to 13. 3 percent in Q2 2009. (Gartner) Gartner says â€Å"Apple’s expansion into a larger number of countries in the past year has produced a clear effect on sales volumes, as have the recent price adjustments on 8GB 3G iPhone. † (Gartner) Assumptions: RIM has the necessary financial resources or the means by which to promote its product. RIM also needs to have enough financial reserves to absorb lower profits due to aggressive promotions . SWOT Analysis: We have quotes from our research accompanying the statements below. These quotes are designed to further illustrate the meaning of the statements. Strengths Global prominence and financial stability of the BlackBerry brand in North America provides a strong platform for product innovation. â€Å"Over 35 percent of 2007 revenues were from global sales outside North America. Between 2001 and 2007, the company grew its workforce from about 1250 employees to more than 7000 employees. † (Grewal, 2009) †¢ RIM’s BlackBerry offers a varied set of products to identify the needs of the different segments of users. RIM has a strong line up of smart phones such BlackBerry Curve and BlackBerry Pearle with the popular QWERTY keyboard. The new series include clean and sharp BlackBerry Bold and BlackBerry Storm. RIM has also introduced BlackBerry App World where you can download and purchase apps from a smart phone. So far RIM has established a strong base with professional users because of their product’s functionality and security. â€Å"Storm, the new BlackBerry is among RIM’s strongest moves so far to appeal to the increasing number of consumers opting for multimedia phones, a market that is increasingly turning to touch-screen devices for their ease of use. † (The Wall Street Journal) †¢ BlackBerry carries a range of reasonably priced products which gives their customers the most selection in the smart phone market. Our checks show AT store reps appear poised to recommend BlackBerry to shoppers deterred by iPhone’s $599 (U. S. ) price tag,† (The Globe and Mail) †¢ RIM’s strength in the smart phone market is its impressively sized distribution network to provide products and services to the consumer. â€Å"Retail consumers and corporate clients can buy the BlackBerry from more than 500 carriers and distribution partners in about 170 countries around the world. † (Leader-Post) Weaknesses †¢ RIM has a weak entertainment platform for its product compared to its biggest rival: Apple, which specializes in consumer friendly multimedia device. You read "Blackberry Strategy" in category "Papers" Below, we have a recent quote from BlackBerry CEO Jim Balsille, who emphasizes the company’s need to focus on the non-enterprise market. â€Å"As we head into the third quarter we look forward to gaining traction with BlackBerry services in new market segments to drive the next leg of growth for the company,† (Perez) †¢ BlackBerry is weaker brand compared to Apple and Nokia in the consumer sector. They have only recently started to promote their product for the mainstream consumer. †¢ â€Å"The company expects to ship between 9. 2 million and 9. million BlackBerry smartphones next quarter, as it prepares for follow-ups to popular devices such as the Storm and Bold. But some analysts expressed concern over its push to the mainstream because it would mean that RIM would be competing more directly with its consumer-friendly rivals. † (Perez) †¢ Due to the relatively higher prices of BlackBerry products, it has a harder time competing in emerging marke ts. â€Å"Nokia has a strong presence in the low-cost part of the market. And it’s likely that the company will continue to maintain strength here, leveraging its massive scale to keep costs low. (Reardon) Opportunities †¢ Consumers are more receptive to purchasing media online. This has a created a market that Apple has capitalized on with its services like iTunes and Apple App Store. RIM has recently introduced their own app store which has so far received positive reviews. â€Å"RIM’s app storefront will be key to the firm’s long-term success. Just as Apple’s App Store and iTunes drive sales of the company’s hardware, App World—which has received generally positive reviews—must be attractive enough to lure users away from the other smartphones on the market. † (Gibbs) Due to increased globalization and consumer acceptance of new technology, consumers around the world are ordering smart phones from their local carriers. This opens new markets for RIM to expand in. Despite global recession, the demand for smart phones grew as there was a 27 percent increase from Q2 2008 to Q2 2009. Threats †¢ Growing competition from Apple, Nokia, HTC, and Palm among others. Apple is expanding into a large number of countries while lowering their prices which is increasing their sales volume significantly. Nokia is the largest smart phone provider with ample capital to develop their technology and products. But as the iPhone and other rivals expand their reach, RIM could find itself fighting for previously uncontested territory. † (Leader-Post) †¢ The world economy is going through a downturn. This has inevitably changed the consumer behaviour towards higher end devices. â€Å"The current economic climate is negatively impacting sales of higher end devices,† (Gartner) †¢ RIM is susceptible to lawsuits because it holds countless patents for its products and its immense success makes it a target for patent holding companies like NTP. â€Å"On March 3, 2006, RIM announced that it had settled its BlackBerry patent dispute with NTP. Under the terms of the settlement, RIM has agreed to pay NTP US$612. 5 million in a â€Å"full and final settlement of all claims. † (Reardon) Competitive Analysis: In the global smart phone market, Apple is growing exponentially with market share increasing from 2. 8% to 13. 3%. RIM has a gradual increase in market share of 1. 4%, which brought their number to 18. 7%. Nokia, the top manufacturer of smart phone is lagging behind with market share dropping from 47. 4% to 45%. Nokia is more affordable and is very prominent around the world especially in the emerging markets such as India and China. They lso have a strong base with medium to lower income consumers. Because of the lower price point, they provide limited functionality compared to its counterparts. BlackBerry appeals to a vast customer base and its market is separated by products rather than income. The financially sensitive customers are more accepting of products such as BlackBerry Curve and BlackBerry Pearl. In t his segment, RIM competes directly with Nokia’s smart phones. This increases the popularity and brand recognition of RIM. RIM also invests heavily towards Research and Development to create superior products for satisfying the demands of higher end consumers. This customer base is more accepting of higher priced products because of their superior quality. This increases the margin RIM enjoys compared to Nokia. Apple’s iPhone and RIM’s BlackBerry Storm/Bold are in the same price range. However, RIM has a varied portfolio of products that range from $100-$500 US dollars. BlackBerry Storm and iPhone 3G are very similar products that share features such as touch screen interface and 3G software and hardware capabilities. Palm, Motorola, HTC and others are very limited in their market share. Their products are usually cheaper compared to RIM and Apple with inferior quality. Examples of the inferior quality will be no built-in Wi-Fi and low-resolution cameras. Unlike RIM and Apple, these companies use third party software such as Windows Mobile which has garnered negative reviews. According to a survey by CFI group, it showed that Windows Mobile users had a low level of customer satisfaction when compared to users of other smart phones. Out of a possible 100 points, Windows Mobile rated only 66, compared with BlackBerry (73), Google Android (77), and iPhone (83). This corresponds with the decrease in Windows Mobile’s share of the Smartphone market by 2. % in 2009. (Wikipedia) Target Market: Our target market for the problem is the entertainment-focused users who range in age from mid-teens to early 30s. They see a mobile device as a lifestyle choice, and they’re willing to pay extra for a device that’ll help keep them entertained. This group will use the device for things like multimedia entertainment, social messaging, and gaming. O ur target group needs to be relatively affluent with disposable income; therefore, they will likely be based in developed continents such as North America, Europe and Australia. RECOMMENDATIONS: Alternative 1: â€Å"We gain market share in the consumer smart phone market by lowering the price of BlackBerry Storm and BlackBerry Bold. The price of the Storm and Bold series will be lowered by $50 in an effort to increase sales by 25%. † Advantages: 1. Lowering the price of BlackBerry Storm and BlackBerry Bold will be a strong incentive for mainstream consumers to choose those products over BlackBerry’s competitors. 2. As lowering the price will make the products more affordable, new users and carriers from other countries will adopt BlackBerry products. . Lowering the price of BlackBerry Storm and BlackBerry Bold will not only bring in users from the established mainstream consumer base but also new users who are transitioning to smart phones from handsets. This will create a greater awareness of BlackBerry products. BlackBerry could use this recognition to introduce new products. Disadvantages: 1. A part of the customer base might assume the decr ease in price will correlate with a decrease in quality. Therefore, they might avoid buying lower priced BlackBerry products. 2. Competitors might lower their price to compete with BlackBerry which will create minimal additional revenue from new customers. The already decreased profit margin from lowered price combined with minimal increase in revenue will decrease profits. 3. RIM might lose money by over producing BlackBerry Bold and BlackBerry Storm as its sales forecast didn’t meet actual customer demand. They might lose customers and harm their brand by under producing the products as their supply won’t be enough to meet the demands of the customers. This will generate anger and dissatisfaction towards RIM. Alternative 2: We gain market share by offering diverse products targeted to specified segments of consumers (niche marketing). † Advantages: 1. RIM will create new market segments (market segmentation) that will correspond with the needs of specific demographic of consumers. 2. RIM will attract more consumers with the larger line up of products and services. This will be able to exp and their brand name. 3. RIM will have greater margins with these targeted products as customers are willing to pay more for products that are more in sync with their needs. The increased margins will increase the profits. Disadvantages: 1. Introducing new products involves a significant investment in start up for Research and Development. Niche markets are usually much smaller than the mainstream market and therefore it will be harder for RIM to sell enough BlackBerry devices to recuperate its initial investment. 2. Consumers may not be interested in the new products. Keeping in mind the current economic conditions, consumers might delay their purchase of luxury products like a BlackBerry. They might also continue with traditional alternatives like handsets to meet their needs. 3. It will dilute the brand. BlackBerry already has an established brand that their customers identify with. Expanding the product base rapidly will confuse customers about BlackBerry products and negatively affects sales of their bestsellers such as: BlackBerry Storm, Bold, and Curve. Alternative 3: â€Å"We gain market share by increasing advertisements on TV and internet which would increase our brand recognition. † Advantages: 1. With unique and creative marketing campaigns, RIM’s products will be more recognizable compared to its competitors such as Apple and Nokia. RIM will gain market share by getting its competitors customers as well as attracting new customers switching to smart phones. 2. A successful advertising campaign will retain encourage brand loyalty from RIM’s existing customers. These customers might choose RIM’s product in the future because of their comfort level with the BlackBerry brand. 3. It will attract new customers by detailing the merit of RIM’s products over its competitors. Disadvantages: 1. RIM’s campaign might be ineffective because of the oversaturation of advertising campaigns from the different smart phone manufacturers. 2. Increased advertising does not necessarily result in increased sales. RIM might spend excessive amounts on promoting their products which may not be successful and hurt their bottom line. 3. Self-destructive advertising might alienate a portion of their existing customer base. An example would be: RIM’s spokesperson (celebrity/athlete) commits a crime. In this case RIM’s image might be tarnished by association to the person. Solution: Problem: How does RIM gain market share in the consumer smart phone market? Alternative 3: â€Å"We gain market share by increasing advertisements on TV and internet which would increase our brand recognition. We believe this solution is most likely to succeed and deliver results. For the near term, RIM will follow Apple’s example and attempt to meet the functional and psychological needs of consumers. An example of meeting a psychological need would be to primarily use BlackBerry products as a fashion statement or a status symbol over its intended purpose. This is only possible by extensive promotion in order to make the BlackBerry the â€Å"it† brand among the mainstream consumer. BlackBerry has a more diverse selection of products compared to Apple and Nokia. It should capitalize this strength by advertising the benefits of its products to the consumer segments. Promotions will bring in new customers. In future, these new customers might upgrade to other BlackBerry devices. They will also spread the word about BlackBerry creating goodwill and admiration for the brand. Advertising also has a long term goal in mind which is to grow the BlackBerry brand worldwide for years to come. Implementation Plan: Step 1: Divide the consumer base into manageable market segments. Step 2: Target a segment to pursue. Step 3: Determine how BlackBerry would be positioned in the segment. Step 4: Our marketing objective will be to gain share in our segment. Step 5: Communicate the value of the BlackBerry through the use of television, magazines and the Internet. Step 6: We will evaluate our performance and make adjustments for an improved process. Plan B: Problem: How does RIM gain market share in the consumer smart phone market? Alternative 1: â€Å"We gain market share in the consumer smart phone market by lowering the price of BlackBerry Storm and BlackBerry Bold. The price of the Storm and Bold series will be lowered by $50 in an effort to increase sales by 25%. This plan will also increase BlackBerry’s market share. It will bring in new mainstream customers for the very popular BlackBerry Storm and BlackBerry Bold. These products are direct competitors for Apple’s iPhone. The price decrease might lure Apple customers to switch to BlackBerry products as the quality difference between the products is minimal. The likelihood of RIM’s competitor s lowering their price to counteract the decrease in their sales is low, because that will lower the margin of the whole sector rather than just one company (RIM). To avoid these price wars, they will let RIM enjoy the increased market share. Course Concepts: Major concepts used were: a) The Marketing Research Process: We used the format showed in Exhibit 5. 1 in page 122 of the Marketing book. We made a rough copy in class that defined the problem clearly and the objectives. We delegated the objectives to group members. We performed researched on it and collected the secondary data. We then analyzed all the data and wrote this paper. b) The Marketing Environment Analysis Framework: We used this framework extensively throughout our project. We analyzed SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) of RIM in detail. SWOT analysis helped us design solutions based on RIM’s strengths and weaknesses. We also made solutions that let us develop the opportunities and guard us from the threats. We integrated the Macroenvironmental Factors such Competitors, Demographics, Social/Cultural and Economic. c) We identified segmentation, targeting and positioning in our Implementation Plan. This helped us focus on a group of customers and to come up with solutions that will meet our goals concerning this group. References Canalys Research. (n. d. ). Smart phones defy slowdown. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Press and Research releases: http://www. canalys. com/pr/2009/r2009081. htm Gartner. (n. d. ). Gartner Says Worldwide Mobile Phone Sales Declined 6 Per Cent and Smartphones Grew 27 Per Cent in Second Quarter of 2009. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Press releases: http://www. gartner. com/it/page. jsp? id=1126812 Gibbs. (n. d. ). Why RIM’s App World Is Key to Its Long-term Success. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from GigaCom: http://gigaom. com/2009/09/28/app-world-will-be-crucial-for-RIM-as-smartphone-space-heats-up/ Grewal, L. P. (2009). In Marketing (Canadian Edition ed. , pp. 3-4). McGraw-Hill. Leader-Post. (n. d. ). Analysts pessimistic about RIM’s market share. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Business : http://www. leaderpost. com/business/story. html? id=2033215 NPD Group. (n. d. ). RIM Unseats Apple in The NPD Group’s Latest Smartphone Ranking . Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Press release: http://www. npd. com/press/releases/press_090504. html Perez, M. (n. d. ). BlackBerry Maker Pushes For Mainstream. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Information Week: http://www. informationweek. om/news/personal_tech/blackberry/showArticle. jhtml? articleID=220200247 Reardon. (n. d. ). Smartphone sales slow amid troubled economy. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from CNET: http://news. cnet. com/8301-1035_3-10113288-94. html Reardon, M. (n. d. ). Market to be dominated by smartphones and low-cost handsets. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from CNET Crave: http://asia. cnet. com/crave/2009/08/14/market-to-be-dominated-by- smartphones-and-low-cost-handsets/ Reseach In Motion. (n. d. ). Company. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from RIM: http://www. RIM. com/company/index. shtml The Globe and Mail. (n. d. . iPhone price may help BlackBerry. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Featured Market Blog: http://www. theglobeandmail. com/blogs/markets/iphone-price-may-help-BlackBerry/article767553/ The Wall Street Journal. (n. d. ). BlackBerry With Touch Screen Planned . Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Business:: http://online. wsj. com/article/SB121087480469495889. html Wikipedia. (n. d. ). BlackBerry. Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Wikipedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/BlackBerry Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Windows Mobile . Retrieved 10 22, 2009, from Wikipedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Windows_Mobile How to cite Blackberry Strategy, Papers

The Impact of Mission on Ethical Business Culture

Question: Discuss about the The Impact of Mission on Ethical Business Culture. Answer: Introduction International business essentially includes different commercial business transactions that are (both private and public) that occur between two or else more regions that is beyond political limits. The current study elucidates in detail the justification behind selection of Australia as the host nation for conducting overseas business. In addition to this, the present segment expounds illustratively the cultural aspects of host country that is Australia along with its unique cultural components. Moving further, the study also presents a comparative analysis of the business culture between (Australia) and that of home country that is Singapore) by taking into consideration language, business etiquettes, ways of business meetings and presentations and many others. Thereafter, the current section also takes into consideration the Hofstede cultural dimensions and mentions in detail different factors that foreign companies need to take into account for functioningeffectively in Australia . The rational of the study by selecting country of choice and its reasons Australia has been selected as the host country for conducting business activity for the economic resilience, adaptableness as well as record of stable development. This helps in delivering an innocuous, low-risk business environment in which to carry out business. Particularly, the economy of Australia is essentially reinforced by different strong institutions that can be considered as an exceptional service segment and a capability to react to different worldwide challenges. The selection of the Australian economy as the investment decision can be regarded to be justified as this country is rated AAA by three worldwide rating agencies and is estimated to realize approximately 2.9% of average annual real GDP growth in the upcoming five years that is the highest among the major advanced nations (Austrade.gov.au, 2017). In addition, the Australian economy also has the potential and capacities to dispense superior quality products as well as services to the entire world. Thus, selection of the Australia as the host country for carrying out business is justified as the he mineral as well as energy resources persistently helps in empowering the process of industrialization, business transactions of different agricultural commodities along with premium foods that all meet up the requirements of the regions green environment(Austrade.gov.au, 2017). Nevertheless, the region is well equipped to provide appropriate wealth management, facilities of healthcare, different educational facilities, tourism as well as professional services. Again, the labor force of Australia is extremely talented, educated, and multicultural and multilingual. Furthermore, Australia is also well situated as a trade as well as investment base for international corporations for carrying out business with Asia. The country is labelle d as worldwide top five necessarily on the Index of Economic Freedom that implies that Australia delivers effective governance to different multinational firms (Austrade.gov.au, 2017). Comprehensive cultural analysis of host country (Australia) and clarify the unique cultural mechanism of host country Cultural analysis of host country (Australia) Australia has friendly and open culture. Australians feel that their work will speak for itself so they show no interest other position, title or status (Stephensen, 2016). The culture of Australia is a Western culture that derived from British but gets influenced by unique geography especially in the Australian continent. Australians are very down to earth as well as watchful for not giving the feeling that they have superiority complex with anyone else. Australians value authenticity, loathe pretentiousness and sincerity (Rosecrance, 2014). They have a preference populace who are self-effacing, self-deprecating as well as sense of humor and humble. Australians places high value for their relations. The original population of Australia majorly consists of Aborigines and British people and Irish descent. After World War II, there was serious migration from Europe. In other words, this was in reply to the Australian policy that tries in attracting immigrants for boosting the populatio n as well as workforce (Soares, FarhangmehrShoham, 2016). From last thirty existences, Australia has liberalized from its migration strategy as well as opened its limitations to South East Asia. Cultural components of host country (Australia) Manners and Customs In Australia, men wear traditional dark business suit and tie. On the contrary, women wear dress, or skirt and blouse for commerce. At the time of attending business functions, informal clothing is considered inappropriate (McHoul Luke, 2013). Men should not become actually affectionate with another man or wink at women. For Australians, being punctual is dangerous. They believe in maintaining good eye contact at the time of meeting and conversations. Exchange of gifts is not considering as regular practice in business. Religion The main faith in Australia is 50% of Christian as their high Individualism Index that correlates with the other Christian based cultures. In the most principal Christian societies, the Hofstede Individualism Index correlates with the cultural dimensions (Kieser, 2014). Figure: Religion in Australia (Source: Hofstede Bond, 2013) Personal Communication In Australia, they speak English for communicating with other people. Australians shake hands at the time of meeting and while leaving. In case of women, most of them welcome each other with a kiss on the cheek. Professional workers exchange business cards as a general gestures and further communication for building relationships. Australians are gracious and open but honesty and conciseness are even appreciated. Australians respect each other opinion and ready for discussions (Hofstede Bond, 2014). They are an active listener and ask if anything cannot be understood at the time of conversation. Sightseeing as well as sports is main conversational topics. Comparison of business culture between host country (Australia) to that of home country (Singapore) Language: Analysis of the business culture of the home country that is Singapore reveals the fact that the Singapore is essentially a straightforward location for conducting business. The home country Singapore necessarily has four official languages that includes English, Mandarin, Malay as well as Tamil. However, English is essentially the main language of business as well as administration, also extensively spoken by individuals. In addition to this, varied translation along with interpreting services are also made available at different business centers. Similarly, the Australia also use English or else general Australian as the national language although Australia does not necessarily have an official language (Chaney Martin, 2013). Meetings as well as presentations: Evaluation of the business culture replicates the fact that the home country of Singapore has certain social regulations as well as protocols that one needs to stick to. For example, presentation of visiting cards is an essential part as well as customary practice of the business protocol and need to be presented with both the hands with the name written on the card facing the particular recipient (McLuhan, 2015). On the other hand, the business culture of Australia is not very formal, therefore, the greetings in business meetings as well as presentations also tend to be a bit casual and stress-free (Chaney Martin, 2013). However, presentation of business cards can be done at the time of introduction where contents pertaining facts and figures are important in place of emotions and feelings. Analysis reflects the fact that punctuality is an important facet of the business culture of Singapore as Singaporeans tend to be on time or even before time f or business meetings or else presentations. However, preparedness is an important factor for Singaporeans before entering into different business negotiations. Particularly, Small conversation can be regarded as a common aspect especially at the onset of business meetings; questions are asked regarding family or else other private details. However, this is commonly not regarded to be rude. Identically, punctuality is also an important factor for the business culture of Australia. In addition to this, the Australians also essentially have friendly approach to business. Business etiquette:Singapore also has an official business culture with differentregulations of etiquette that necessarily differ between Chinese, Malay as well as Indian population. Again, Singaporeans are also very vigilant and expected to certain that they are conducting business with correct people. As a consequence, it is essential to institute a good as well as genuine association with a Singaporean equivalent to exhibit that the capabilities are excellent (Craft, 2016). On the other hand, analysis of the business culture of Australia also reflects the fact that it is considered to be polite among Australians to shake first hand and it is also considered to be customary for necessarily business practices. However, Australians have the inclination to be informal in particularly daily transactions and it is general practice to address someone by their first name. Another similarity between the business culture of Singapore and Australia is that they both are very straightforward when it comes to business and do not tend to have long standing relationship before conducting business (Soares, FarhangmehrShoham, 2016). Appearance and Behavior: Analysis of appearance and behavior reveals the fact that Australian men wear a conservative business suits (specifically black) and tie but women essentially wears dress, skirt as well as blouse for deals of business. Informal clothing is not appropriate for business meetings in Australia. The Australian appearance is somewhat similar to that of the Singaporean appearance in businesses. Again, evaluation of the behavior reflects the fact that the Australians are punctual, maintain proper eye contact in business meetings, does not practice the act of gift exchanging and waits for turns to speak up in a meeting (Rosecrance, 2014). On the contrary, the behavior of Singaporeans also identical in a certain way. However, the behavior of Singaporeans are a bit more formal than that of the Australian who tend to be somewhat casual and straightforward in their approach. Hofstede cultural dimensions and clarify what foreign companies need to believe for operating efficiently in the selected host country (Australia) Hofstede Cultural Dimensions theory is one of the frameworks used for cross-cultural communication that is developed by Geert Hofstede (Hofstede, 2013). This framework helps in describing the belongings of a society on principles from their members who principles relating to performance by using the arrangement as resulting from factor examination. Figure: Hofstede Model for Cultural Dimensions (Source: Hofstede, 2015) Power Distance In this particular dimension, it explains that all individuals staying in the society are not equal. In other words, it is expressed that the attitude of the culture gives rise to inequalities among the people (Hofstede, 2014). Therefore, Power Distance explains the degree to which the less powerful members of institutions as well as association within the nation expect and accept that power gets dispersed in unequal terms. It directly deals with the fact that inequality in a society gets authorized by the group as well as leaders at the same time. It has been noted that Australia scores low in this particular dimension scoring 36 as plotted in the above graph. This reveals that Australian association hierarchy is recognized for expediency whereby superiors are reachable and managers relies upon individual human resources and team based on the level of expertise (Hofstede, 2013). It is essential that both managers as well as employees consult with each other for communicating the information that will be shared on frequent basis. In this way, communication is treated as informal, direct as well as participative at the same time. Individualism In this particular dimension, primary issues needs to be addressed as the degree of interdependence a culture needs for maintaining among their members. It depends upon when self-image of individuals defines in conditions of I or We. As far as individualist society is concerned, people mainly look at themselves and their families at the same time. In case of Collectivist societies, people fit in in group that takes care in replace for faithfulness (Hofstede, 2016). Australia with a score of 90 in the given measurement is highly individualist culture. In other words, it get translates into a loosely-knit society whereby expectations lies n taking care of themselves and families. As far as business world is concerned, employees expects for remaining self-reliant as well as display initiative (Hofstede, 2014). Therefore, exchange-based world of work involves hiring as well as endorsement decision based upon merit on confirmation in the most appropriate way. Masculinity versus Feminism In this particular dimension, high score determines masculine that indicate that the culture will be ambitious by intense opposition, achievement as well as success. Success defines by the winner or best in the field (Hofstede, 2013). Therefore, the value scheme starts in the school as well as continues all through the life span in work and freedom pursuits. On the contrary, low score determines feminine as they have leading principles in society as well as caring for others and quality for life. To explain, Feminine society is one where quality of life will be treated as sign of success as well as standing out in the crowd. Here, main issue is what motivates populace wanting to be best in case of Masculine or liking what people do in case of Feminine (Hofstede, 2013). Australia scores 61 on the given measurement as well as considers in Masculine society. In other words, behavior in school, work as well as play based upon the shared values whereby people struggle their best that winners takes all. Australians are proud in gaining success and achievements that they get in life (Dorfman Howell, 2014). They offer basis of hiring as well as promotion decisions at workplace. Therefore, conflicts get resolved at individual levels as well as goals to win. Uncertainty Avoidance In this particular dimension, uncertainty avoidance means the way culture deals with the fact as the future is unknown and tries in controlling the future. In other words, the ambiguity brings with nervousness and unique cultures as it deal with anxiety in different ways (Biddle Swee, 2012). This means the extent to which members of a culture feel that threatens by ambiguous or unidentified situation and created attitude as well as institutions. Australia scored 51 in this dimension. Long-term orientation In this measurement, it describes how every culture requires maintaining some relations from past at the time of dealing in present and prospect. Mostly, societies majorly prioritize two existential goals. In case of normative society, they achieve low on the given measurement as they prefer maintaining traditional society as well as norms at the time of viewing societal alters with feeling (Bennett Carter, 2012). Those with a culture will be scoring high by taking practical approach as they support economy as well as efforts in modern education for preparing in the near future. Australia scores 21 on this given measurement and termed under normative ethnicity. People living in this society will have strong anxiety for establishing the unqualified truth as they are normative in thoughts process. Therefore, Australians display great admiration for traditions where they have small tendency for saving for prospect and focus for achieving quick consequences (Soares, Farhangmehr Shoham, 2016). Indulgence Indulgence considers as one of the confront that confronts humankind now and in the past whereby degree of small kids are socialized. Without considering socialization, dimension reveals the extent to which people tries in controlling their desires as well as impulse based upon the method they are raised (McHoul Luke, 2013). On the contrary, weak control termed as indulgence is relatively strong known as restraint. Cultures describes as lenient or reserved. Australia scores 71 in this given measurement so it will be considered as high indulgent country. People in societies classify under high score as it exhibits willingness for realizing their impulses and needs for enjoying life and having fun. They posses optimistic approach as well as have a propensity towards hopefulness (Bennett Carter, 2012). Therefore, Australian is placed in a higher degree of significance on spare time time as they spend currency in business. Conclusion In conclusion it can be said that it is important to understand the market culture before conducting transnational businesses. The present segment helps in gaining deep understanding different components of culture in both the host as well as the home country that takes into consideration manners and customs, religions, communication practices. In addition to this, the present study also helps in analyzing the differences in the business culture of the two countries by carrying out a comparative analysis of culture. 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